What role does the Nyquist Theorem play in radar technology?

The Nyquist Theorem plays a crucial role in radar technology by determining the necessary sampling rate for processing radar signals. According to the theorem, to accurately reconstruct a continuous signal from its samples without losing information, the sampling rate must be at least twice the highest frequency contained in the signal. This principle is fundamental in radar systems, which rely on accurately sampling the echoes of transmitted signals to identify targets, their distance, speed, and other characteristics. If the sampling rate is inadequate, it can lead to aliasing, where different signals become indistinguishable from one another, resulting in a loss of vital information about the radar returns. This makes option B the accurate choice, as it encapsulates the essence of how the Nyquist Theorem directly impacts signal processing in radar applications.

The other options do not reflect the primary implication of the Nyquist Theorem. For instance, it does not explicitly define the maximum operating frequency of radar systems or dictate the types of targets that can be detected. Additionally, while distance measurement is an essential function of radar, it is not calculated by the Nyquist theorem itself but rather through other principles of radar operation.