What does the radar range equation help determine?

The radar range equation is fundamental in radar technology as it allows for the calculation of the maximum distance at which a radar system can detect a target effectively. This equation takes into account various parameters, including the transmitted power, antenna gain, radar cross-section of the target, and the losses in the atmosphere. By utilizing this equation, radar engineers can predict how far away a target can be detected under specific conditions, which is crucial for designing and implementing radar systems in various applications such as aviation, maritime, and military operations.

The other choices do not accurately reflect the primary function of the radar range equation. For example, while the type of radar system may influence detection capabilities, determining the specific type of system is a broader decision that involves various factors beyond just the range equation. Additionally, while the frequency range of radar signals is important for certain operational characteristics, it is not what the range equation specifically addresses. Lastly, the cost of radar equipment is determined by many economic factors and design considerations unrelated to the technical calculations involving detection range.